PROLACTIN

Prolactin: An Overview

Prolactin is a hormone that is produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It is primarily known for its role in stimulating the production of milk in the mammary glands of women during and after pregnancy. However, prolactin also plays a role in regulating menstrual cycles, bone metabolism, and immune function.

Normal Prolactin Levels

Normal prolactin levels vary depending on age, sex, and other factors, but in general, a normal prolactin level in women is less than 25 ng/mL, and in men, it is less than 15 ng/mL. However, these levels can vary between different laboratories and testing methods, so it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine what is considered normal in your specific case.

High Prolactin Levels

High prolactin levels, also known as hyperprolactinemia, can be caused by a variety of factors, including certain medications, tumors, and medical conditions such as hypothyroidism. High prolactin levels can cause a range of symptoms, including infertility, irregular periods, decreased libido, and galactorrhea (breast milk production in men or women who are not pregnant or breastfeeding).

Diagnosing High Prolactin Levels

High prolactin levels can be diagnosed with a simple blood test that measures the levels of the hormone in the blood. The test is usually performed as part of a routine blood test and can be done at a doctor's office or laboratory. The results of the test are usually available within a few days and are reported in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL).

Treating High Prolactin Levels

High prolactin levels can be treated with medications, such as dopamine agonists, which help to lower prolactin levels by blocking the production of the hormone. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove a tumor causing high prolactin levels. The treatment will depend on the underlying cause of the problem and the severity of the symptoms.

Prolactin and Health

Prolactin plays an important role in regulating various aspects of health, including reproductive function, bone metabolism, and immune function. A high level of prolactin can cause a range of symptoms and can have serious consequences if left untreated, including infertility, irregular periods, decreased libido, and galactorrhea.

Conclusion

Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays an important role in regulating various aspects of health, including reproductive function, bone metabolism, and immune function. A high level of prolactin, also known as hyperprolactinemia, can cause a range of symptoms and can have serious consequences if left untreated. If you are experiencing symptoms of high prolactin levels, it is important to discuss your symptoms with a healthcare professional to determine if you need to undergo testing and treatment.